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Publications

European Drug Report 2021: Trends and Developments

09.06.2021

The Trends and Developments report presents the EMCDDA’s latest analysis of the drug situation in Europe. Focusing on illicit drug use, related harms and drug supply, the report contains a comprehensive set of national data across these themes and key harm reduction interventions.

Publications

Drug-related deaths and mortality in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network

11.05.2021

This report provides an update on drug-related deaths in Europe based primarily on presentations and discussions held at the 2019 meeting of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) expert network on drug-related deaths. The meeting brought together experts and...

Publications

European Drug Report 2020: Trends and Developments

22.09.2020

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of patterns emerging across Europe in the areas of drug supply, illicit drug use and associated public health problems. National data sets are also provided across these themes and on key harm-reduction interventions. The report is available in English...

Publications

European Drug Report 2020: Key Issues

22.09.2020

This report, available in 24 languages, presents a summary of some the main findings of the 'European Drug Report 2020: Trends and Developments the EMCDDA’s latest analysis of the drug situation in Europe. The issues selected here have been chosen for their policy relevance and general interest.

Publications

Take-home naloxone (topic overview)

30.08.2019

Drug overdose continues to be the main cause of death among problem drug users. Heroin or other opioids — often consumed alongside other central nervous system depressants such as benzodiazepines and alcohol — are present in the majority of reported fatal overdoses. Overdose is common among opioid...

Publications

Frequently asked questions (FAQ): drug overdose deaths in Europe (topic overview)

30.08.2019

These pages provide an update on drug-related deaths in Europe, presenting and analysing the latest data on and trends in drug-induced deaths in the European Union, Norway and Turkey. They draw on contributions from specialists from these countries, as well as on information provided by European...

Publications

Prevention of drug-related deaths – topic overview

30.08.2019

This publication describes some of the factors that increase the risk of fatal and non-fatal overdoses and a number of interventions developed to prevent these events. Worldwide, overdose is the leading cause of avoidable death among people who inject drugs. It accounts for nearly half of all...

Publications

Drug-related deaths and mortality in Europe: update from the EMCDDA expert network

30.07.2019

This publication provides an update on drug-related deaths in Europe, presenting and analysing the latest data and trends in drug-induced deaths and overall mortality among high-risk drug users in the European Union and beyond. It draws on contributions from specialists representing more than 40...

Publications

European Drug Report 2019: Trends and Developments

06.06.2019

The Trends and Developments report presents a top-level overview of the drug phenomenon in Europe, covering drug supply, use and public health problems as well as drug policy and responses. Together with the online Statistical Bulletin and 30 Country Drug Reports, it makes up the 2019 European Drug...

Publications

An analysis of post-mortem toxicology practices in drug-related death cases in Europe

16.04.2019

The objective of this report is to provide an updated analysis of the post-mortem toxicology practices of drug-related deaths (DRD) in Europe and to discuss the effect of these practices on the monitoring of DRDs. It is based on the results of a project that consisted of two components: a scoping...

Publications

Recent changes in Europe’s cocaine market: results from an EMCDDA trendspotter study

13.12.2018

Using trendspotter methodology, this report explores signs of increasing availability and consumption of cocaine in Europe, in an effort to increase our understanding of recent changes in the cocaine market. The study investigates the consequences of these developments on acute health harms linked...

Publications

Preventing overdose deaths in Europe (Perspectives on drugs)

03.10.2018

More than 9 000 lives were reported to be lost to drug overdoses in Europe (28 EU Member States, Turkey and Norway) in 2016, the latest reporting year, and this is an underestimate. Reducing drug-related deaths therefore remains a major challenge for public health policy. This analysis describes...

Publications

European Drug Report 2018: Trends and Developments

07.06.2018

The Trends and Developments report presents a top-level overview of the drug phenomenon in Europe, covering drug supply, use and public health problems as well as drug policy and responses. Together with the online Statistical Bulletin and 30 Country Drug Reports, it makes up the 2018 European Drug...

Publications

The misuse of benzodiazepines among high-risk opioid users in Europe (Perspectives on drugs)

04.06.2018

Benzodiazepines are a widely prescribed group of medicines with a range of clinical uses, including the treatment of anxiety and insomnia and the management of alcohol withdrawal. For a number of reasons this group of medicines are often misused by high-risk opioid users and are associated with...

Publications

Drug-related deaths and mortality in Europe (poster)

27.10.2017

High-risk drug use is one of the major causes of avoidable mortality in Europe, both directly through overdose and indirectly through drug-related diseases, accidents, violence and suicide. The primary purpose of the drug-related deaths indicator is to improve the understanding of the health impact...

Publications

Health and social responses to drug problems: a European guide

24.10.2017

This guide and the associated package of online materials provides a reference point for planning or delivering health and social responses to drug problems in Europe. The most appropriate responses will depend on the specific drug problems, the contexts in which these occur and the types of...

Publications

Policy and practice briefings: Reducing opioid-related deaths

24.10.2017

Mortality directly or indirectly related to use of opioids is a major cause of avoidable premature deaths among European adults. Overall drug-related mortality rates are 1–2 % per year among high-risk opioid users in Europe and drug overdoses account for over 7 000 deaths per annum. Other important...

Publications

Policy and practice briefings: Older people with problematic opioid use

24.10.2017

People over the age of 40 make up an increasing share of those with an opioid problem in Europe. This is reflected in the increasing age of those in drug treatment and those dying of opioid overdoses. This policy and practice briefing provides an overview of the key issues, response options,...

Publications

Drugnet Europe 93

11.02.2016

In this issue: Naloxone, the overdose antidote that can help save lives | Tribute to outgoing Director Wolfgang Götz | New EMCDDA strategy and work programme | EU Member States’ common position for UNGASS 2016 | European drug summer school 2016 | New EMCDDA products and services Survey to Drugnet...

Publications

Preventing opioid overdose deaths with take-home naloxone

18.01.2016

This publication examines the case for distributing naloxone, an emergency medication, to people who inject opioids such as heroin and to others who might witness an opioid overdose. Through its capacity to reverse opioid overdose, naloxone can save lives if administered in time. This comprehensive...
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