Table EYE-10. Recent school surveys (2005–2010): percentage lifetime prevalence of psychoactive substance use among students aged 15–16 years old

Country		Year	Reference	Project	Sample size	Cannabis	Inhalants/volatile substances	Amphetamines	Ecstasy	LSD and other hallucinogens	Cocaine	Heroin
Belgium (Flemish)		2008	(7)	VAD	2186	23	:	3	3	:	3	:
Belgium (Flemish)		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1226	21	:	:	:	:	:	:
Belgium (French speaking)		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1341	20	:	:	:	:	:	:
Bulgaria		2007		ESPAD	2353	22	3	6	6	3	3	2
Czech Republic		2007		ESPAD	3901	45	7	3	5	5	1	1
Czech Republic		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1522	31	:	:	:	:	:	:
Denmark	(8)	2007		ESPAD	877	25	6	5	5	1	3	2
Denmark		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1226	15	:	:	:	:	:	:
Germany	(2)	2007		ESPAD	5011	20	11	5	3	2	3	1
Germany		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1640	11	:	:	:	:	:	:
Estonia		2007		ESPAD	2372	26	9	4	6	3	2	1
Estonia		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1398	22	:	:	:	:	:	:
Ireland		2007		ESPAD	2221	20	15	3	4	3	4	1
Ireland		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1695	15	:	:	:	:	:	:
Greece		2007		ESPAD	3060	6	9	3	2	2	1	1
Greece		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1648	7	:	:	:	:	:	:
Spain	(1)	2008	(8)	PNSD	16460	33	2	3	2	3	4	1
Spain		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	2003	27	:	:	:	:	:	:
France		2007		ESPAD	2916	31	12	4	4	2	5	3
France		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1906	27	:	:	:	:	:	:
Italy		2010	(6)	ESPAD Italy	12457	12	1	1	1	1	2	1
Italy		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1546	20	:	:	:	:	:	:
Cyprus		2007		ESPAD	6340	5	16	3	3	2	3	2
Latvia		2007		ESPAD	2275	18	13	6	7	4	2	1
Latvia		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1375	25	:	:	:	:	:	:
Lithuania		2007		ESPAD	2411	18	3	3	3	2	2	1
Lithuania		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1792	21	:	:	:	:	:	:
Luxembourg		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1382	19	:	:	:	:	:	:
Hungary		2007		ESPAD	2817	13	8	4	5	3	2	1
Hungary		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1733	14	:	:	:	:	:	:
Malta		2007		ESPAD	3668	13	16	5	4	2	4	1
Netherlands		2007		ESPAD	2091	28	6	2	4	3	3	1
Netherlands		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1457	21	:	:	:	:	:	:
Austria	(9)	2007		ESPAD	2571	17	14	8	3	2	3	1
Austria		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1820	14	:	:	:	:	:	:
Poland		2007		ESPAD	2120	16	6	4	4	2	2	2
Poland		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1410	19	:	:	:	:	:	:
Portugal		2007		ESPAD	3141	13	4	2	2	1	2	2
Portugal		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1553	11	:	:	:	:	:	:
Romania		2007		ESPAD	2289	4	4	1	1	1	2	0
Romania		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	2002	9	:	:	:	:	:	:
Slovenia		2007		ESPAD	3085	22	16	2	3	2	3	2
Slovenia		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1815	23	:	:	:	:	:	:
Slovakia		2007		ESPAD	2468	32	13	2	6	4	3	1
Slovakia		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1914	17	:	:	:	:	:	:
Finland		2007		ESPAD	4988	8	10	1	2	1	1	1
Finland		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	2110	9	:	:	:	:	:	:
Sweden		2009	(9)	CAN	5192	7	6	1	1	1	1	1
United Kingdom		2007		ESPAD	2179	29	9	2	4	3	5	1
United Kingdom (England)	(3)(4)	2009	(11)	NatCen/NFER	1787	27	18	3	5	2	5	2
United Kingdom (England)		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1118	22	:	:	:	:	:	:
United Kingdom (Scotland)	(3)(4)	2006	(5)	Scottish Gov.	11980	25	5	3	5	4	5	2
United Kingdom (Scotland)		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	2567	19	:	:	:	:	:	:
United Kingdom (N.Ireland)	(3)(4)	2007	(1)	National Agency	:	17	11	3	5	4	5	1
United Kingdom (Wales)		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1637	22	:	:	:	:	:	:
Croatia		2007		ESPAD	3008	18	11	2	2	2	2	1
Croatia		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	2424	13	:	:	:	:	:	:
Turkey	(2)	2003		ESPAD	4177	4	4	2	2	2	2	2
Norway		2007		ESPAD	3482	6	7	1	1	1	1	1
Norway		2009/10		HBSC(WHO)	1339	6	:	:	:	:	:	:
United States of America	(6)(7)	2010	(1)	NIDA	15600	33	12	11	6	3	4	1

Notes:

This table presents data on 15- to 16-year-old school students obtained from national surveys. The surveys for Belgium (Flemish ) is the Flemish region only, and the Germany and Turkish ESPAD is limited to the regions specified in the following notes. In all of the school surveys, the method for data collection was classroom-based, anonymous, self-completion questionnaires in written test conditions.

Caution is required comparing figures due to methodological limitations. For methods and definitions, see <a href="http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/stats11/eye/methods">Methods and definitions: youth and the schools population</a>.

<a href="http://www.espad.org">ESPAD</a> (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs) is coordinated by the Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN) and the Council of Europe (Pompidou Group). ESPAD prevalence figures are taken from published ESPAD reports and may differ sometimes from those reported directly by Member States. The sample sizes given refer to the number of participating 15- to 16-year-old students who filled in the questionnaire.

(1) ESPAD methods are adopted to varying degrees.

(2) ESPAD 2007 Germany figures are based in seven regions only (Bavaria, Brandenburg, Berlin, Hesse, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saarland and Thuringia). ESPAD 2007 Belgium figures are based on Flanders only. ESPAD 2003 Turkey figures are based on one major city in each of six different regions (Adana, Ankara, Diyarbakir, Istanbul, Izmir and Samsun).

(3) The sample size given for these surveys is for a wider age range than 15 to 16 years.

(4) Only 15-year-old students are included in United Kingdom ONS and Scottish Executive school surveys.

(5) To be interpreted with caution as sample size is small and private and vocational schools are excluded.

(6) Inhalants are adjusted for under-reporting of butyl nitrites.

(7) Amphetamines includes only drug use not under a doctor's order.

(8) ESPAD 2007 data for Denmark has limited comparability.

(9) The prevalence rate of amphetamine use in Austria has to be interpreted very cautiously because there are problems with data quality. A validation study found out, that the pupils mixed up amphetamines with energy drinks in several cases.

See also 'General notes for interpreting data' on the <a href="http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/stats11/help">Explanatory notes and help page</a>.

Sources:

See <a href="http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/stats11/eyetab0">Table EYE-0</a> for further information on sources.

Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC), International Coordinating Centre, Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit (CAHRU) School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Medical and Biological Sciences Building, ST ANDREWS, Fife KY16 9TF <a href="http://www.hbsc.org">HBSC</a>

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Page last updated: Friday, 11 November 2011

Table EYE-10. Recent school surveys (2005–2010): percentage lifetime prevalence of psychoactive substance use among students aged 15–16 years old

Notes:

Sources:

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