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Table EYE-10. Recent school surveys (2005–07): percentage lifetime prevalence of psychoactive substance use among students aged 15–16 years old

CountryYearReferenceProjectSample sizeCannabisInhalants/volatile substancesAmphetaminesEcstasyLSD and other hallucinogensCocaineHeroin
Belgium(2)2007ESPAD188924855341
Bulgaria2007ESPAD235322366332
Czech Republic2007ESPAD390145735511
Denmark2007ESPAD87725655132
Germany(2)2007ESPAD5011201153231
Estonia2007ESPAD237226946321
Ireland2007ESPAD2221201534341
Greece2007ESPAD30606932211
Spain(1)2007PNSD:37333441
France2007ESPAD2916311244253
Italy2007ESPAD998123543453
Cyprus2007ESPAD634051633232
Latvia2007ESPAD2275181367421
Lithuania2007ESPAD241118333221
Luxembourg2005/6HBSC(WHO)150723::::::
Hungary2007ESPAD281713845321
Malta2007ESPAD3668131654241
Netherlands2007ESPAD209128624331
Austria2007ESPAD2571171483231
Poland2007ESPAD212016644222
Portugal2007ESPAD314113422122
Romania2007ESPAD22894411120
Slovenia2007ESPAD3085221623232
Slovakia2007ESPAD2468321326431
Finland2007ESPAD498881012111
Sweden2007ESPAD31797922221
United Kingdom2007ESPAD217929924351
United Kingdom (England)(3)(4)20071NatCen/NFER1829271734561
United Kingdom (Scotland)(3)(4)20061Scottish Gov.1198025535452
United Kingdom (N.Ireland)(3)(4)20071National Agency:171135451
Croatia2007ESPAD3008181122221
Turkey(2)2003ESPAD41774422222
Norway2007ESPAD34826711111
United States of America(6)(7)20051NIDA162003413114652

Notes:

 This table presents data on 15- to 16-year-old school students obtained from national surveys. The surveys for Belgium (Flemish ) is the Flemish region only, and the Germany and Turkish ESPAD is limited to the regions specified in the following notes. In all of the school surveys, the method for data collection was classroom-based, anonymous, self-completion questionnaires in written test conditions.         

 Caution is required comparing figures due to methodological limitations. For methods and definitions, see Methods and definitions: youth and the schools population.         

 ESPAD (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs) is coordinated by the Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN) and the Council of Europe (Pompidou Group). ESPAD prevalence figures are taken from published ESPAD reports and may differ sometimes from those reported directly by Member States. The sample sizes given refer to the number of participating 15- to 16-year-old students who filled in the questionnaire.         

 (1) ESPAD methods are adopted to varying degrees.         

 (2) ESPAD 2007 Germany figures are based in seven regions only (Bavaria, Brandenburg, Berlin, Hesse, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saarland and Thuringia). ESPAD 2007 Belgium figures are based on Flanders only. ESPAD 2003 Turkey figures are based on one major city in each of six different regions (Adana, Ankara, Diyarbakir, Istanbul, Izmir and Samsun).          

 (3) The sample size given for these surveys is for a wider age range than 15 to 16 years.         

 (4) Only 15-year-old students are included in United Kingdom ONS and Scottish Executive school surveys.          

 (5) To be interpreted with caution as sample size is small and private and vocational schools are excluded.         

 (6) Inhalants are adjusted for under-reporting of butyl nitrites.         

 (7) Amphetamines includes only drug use not under a doctor's order.         

 (8) ESPAD 2007 data for Denmark has limited comparability.                 

 See also 'General notes for interpreting data' on the Explanatory notes and help page.           

Sources:

 See Table EYE-0 for further information on sources.         

(see the help page for information about formats etc.)

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Page last updated: Wednesday, 15 July 2009